Austenitic
stainless steels are
non-magnetic. When nickel is added to stainless steel in sufficient
amounts the crystal structure changes to "austenite". The
basic composition of austenitic stainless steels is 18% chromium and
8% nickel. This enhances their corrosion resistance and modifies the
structure from ferritic to austenitic. Austenitic grades are the most
commonly used stainless steels accounting for more than 70% of production
(type 304 is the most commonly specified grade by far). They are not
hardenable by heat treatment.
Super austenitic grades have enhanced pitting and crevice corrosion
resistance compared with the ordinary austenitic or duplex types.
This is due the further additions of chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen
to these grades.
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